Replacement of front shock absorbers (for use on VAZ-2106 / VAZ-2103 models)

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Replacing shock absorbers

Having carried out such simple diagnostics and decided that replacement is still necessary, then before you start disassembling your VAZ 2106, you need to select new shock absorbers. Any car store will tell you which ones are best to use, depending on your driving style and use of the car.

The tools we need are:

• Set of spanners.
• Set of open-end wrenches.
• WD-40.
• Spring ties.

Now let's get to work. First we need to spray all the bolts that we have to unscrew with Vedashka. After waiting for the layer of rust to come off the bolts, first unscrew the bolts securing the strut and remove them. Next, unscrew and disconnect the steering tip and immediately remove the brake hose. Now we begin to remove the shock absorber, unscrew the three bolts securing the shock absorber cushion to the car body. Now you need to compress the spring, otherwise you won’t be able to remove it. Next, unscrew the last fastening nut and remove it and the boot, bumper and strut. Then we simply assemble it in the reverse order, but with a new one. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in the independent procedure for replacing shock absorbers.

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Maintenance

We are interested in replacing the more wearable shock absorbers on the VAZ 2106 - the front ones. They are more susceptible to wear and tear since they are directly involved in operating the machine. It is worth noting that all shock absorbers can last up to 70 thousand kilometers before they have to be replaced during the next maintenance. However, before starting work, it is worth making sure that they do not seem to be completely worn out. First of all, you need to visually inspect the shock absorbers - if there are traces of heavy oil leaks, then they definitely need to be changed. Indirect signs that it is time to change the shock absorbers on your VAZ 2106 are a deterioration in the car's stability when cornering and the appearance of an annoying knock in the front suspension. There is also one popular method for determining their condition.

You need to approach the car from the back or front, depending on what mechanisms you suspect, and press firmly on the hood and trunk. If, after you remove your hands, the car rocks as if on waves, the shock absorbers need to be replaced.

If the body immediately returned, then everything is in order and the cause of the indirect signs is something else.

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Purpose and design of shock absorbers VAZ 2106

The design of the front and rear suspension of the VAZ “six” uses shock absorbers to dampen sudden vibrations. Since they, like other elements of the car, fail over time, it is worth dwelling in more detail on the signs of malfunctions, selection and replacement of these suspension parts.

Shock absorber design

The VAZ 2106 is usually equipped with two-pipe oil shock absorbers. The difference between the front and rear dampers lies in the size, the method of mounting the upper part and the presence of a buffer 37 at the front shock-absorbing element, which limits travel during reverse movement. The design of the rear shock absorber is made of a reservoir 19 with a mounting ear, compression valves (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), a working cylinder 21, a rod 20 with a piston element, and a casing 22 with an eye. The reservoir 19 is a tubular element made of steel. An eye 1 is fixed in its lower part, and a thread is made on top for a nut 29. The eye has a recess into which the body 2 is placed together with the valve discs. It is supported against the recess by cylinder 21.

Design of shock absorbers for VAZ 2106 suspension: 1 - lower eye; 2 — compression valve body; 3 — compression valve discs; 4 — throttle disk of the compression valve; 5 — compression valve spring; 6 — compression valve cage; 7 — compression valve plate; 8 — recoil valve nut; 9 — recoil valve spring; 10 — shock absorber piston; 11 — recoil valve plate; 12 — recoil valve discs; 13 — piston ring; 14 — recoil valve nut washer; 15 — throttle disk of the recoil valve; 16 — bypass valve plate; 17 — bypass valve spring; 18 — restrictive plate; 19 - reservoir; 20 - rod; 21 - cylinder; 22 — casing; 23 — rod guide bushing; 24 — sealing ring of the tank; 25 — rod seal race; 26 — rod seal; 27 — gasket of the rod protective ring; 28 — rod protective ring; 29 — tank nut; 30 — upper shock absorber eye; 31 — nut securing the upper end of the front suspension shock absorber; 32 — spring washer; 33 — shock absorber mounting pad washer; 34 — pillows; 35 — spacer sleeve; 36 — front suspension shock absorber casing; 37 — rod buffer; 38 - rubber-metal hinge

The cavity between the reservoir and the cylinder is filled with liquid. The working cylinder contains a rod 20 and a piston 10. The latter has valve channels - bypass and return. The cylinder has a compression valve at the bottom. In the valve body 2 there is a socket to which discs 3 and 4 are pressed. When the piston moves at a low frequency, the liquid pressure decreases through a cutout in disc 4. The valve body at the bottom has a groove and vertical channels, and in the cage 7 there are holes that allow liquid to pass through from the working tank and back. In the upper part of the cylinder there is a sleeve 23 with a sealing element 24, and the output of the rod is sealed with a cuff 26 and a holder 25. The parts that are located at the top of the cylinder are supported by a nut 29 with four holes for the key. Silent blocks 38 are installed in the shock absorber eyes.

Dimensions

The shock-absorbing elements of the front of the “six” are quite soft, which is especially noticeable when hitting a bump: the front of the car sways strongly. The softness of the rear shock absorbers is the same as the front ones. The only difference is that here it doesn’t feel that way due to the lightness of the rear. It is also worth noting that the dampers are not divided into right and left, since they are completely identical.

Table: dimensions of shock absorbers VAZ 2106

Principle of operation

The operation of shock-absorbing elements is based on the principle of creating high resistance to body rocking, which is ensured by the forced passage of the working medium through the holes in the valves. When the element in question is compressed, the wheels of the machine move up, while the piston of the device goes down and squeezes the liquid from the bottom of the cylinder up through the spring element of the bypass valve. Some of the liquid flows into the reservoir. When the shock absorber rod moves smoothly, the force generated by the fluid will be small, and the working fluid passes into the reservoir through the hole in the throttle disc.

In oil shock absorbers, the working medium is oil.

Under the influence of the elastic elements of the suspension, the wheels return downward, which leads to stretching of the shock absorber and moving the piston upward. At the same time, liquid pressure arises above the piston element, and a vacuum occurs below it. There is liquid above the piston, under the influence of which the spring is compressed and the edges of the valve discs are bent, as a result of which it flows down the cylinder. When the piston element moves at a low frequency, a small amount of fluid pressure is created to depress the recoil valve disks, thereby creating resistance to the recoil stroke.

How to attach

The front dampers of the sixth model Zhiguli are attached to the lower arms by means of a bolted connection. The upper part of the product passes through the support glass and is fixed with a nut. To prevent a rigid connection between the shock absorber and the body, rubber cushions are used in the upper part.

Front suspension of VAZ 2106: 1. Bracket for attaching the stabilizer bar to the body side member; 2. Stabilizer bar cushion; 3. Anti-roll bar; 4. Body spar; 5. Lower arm axis; 6. Lower suspension arm; 7. Bolts securing the lower arm axis to the suspension mounting; 8. Suspension spring; 9. Clip for attaching the stabilizer bar; 10. Shock absorber; 11. Bolt securing the shock absorber bracket to the lower arm; 12. Shock absorber mounting bolt; 13. Bracket for attaching the shock absorber to the lower arm; 14. Lower spring support cup; 15. Clip of the lower support liner; 16. Lower ball pin bearing housing; 17. Front wheel hub; 18. Front wheel hub bearings; 19. Protective cover for ball pin; 20. Lower ball pin race insert; 21. Lower ball pin bearing; 22. Ball pin of the lower support; 23. Hub cap; 24. Adjusting nut; 25. Washer; 26. Steering knuckle axle; 27. Hub seal; 28. Brake disc; 29. Steering knuckle; 30. Front wheel rotation limiter; 31. Ball pin of the upper support; 32. Upper ball pin bearing; 33. Upper suspension arm; 34. Upper ball pin bearing housing; 35. Compression stroke buffer; 36. Bracket for compression stroke buffer; 37. Shock absorber support cup; 38. Shock absorber rod mounting pad; 39. Shock absorber rod cushion washer; 40. Suspension spring insulating gasket; 41. Upper spring support cup; 42. Upper suspension arm axis; 43. Adjusting washers; 44. Distance washer; 45. Bracket for fastening the cross member to the body side member; 46. ​​Front suspension cross member; 47. Inner bushing of the hinge; 48. Outer joint bushing; 49. Rubber bushing of the hinge; 50. Thrust washer of the hinge; I. Camber (b) and lateral inclination angle of the steering axis (g); II. Longitudinal angle of the wheel rotation axis (a); III. Front wheel toe-in (L2-L1)

The rear shock absorbers are located near the wheels. They are fixed from above to the bottom of the body, and from below - to the corresponding bracket.

Design of the rear suspension of the VAZ 2106: 1 - spacer sleeve; 2 — rubber bushing; 3 — lower longitudinal rod; 4 — lower insulating gasket of the spring; 5 — lower spring support cup; 6 — suspension compression stroke buffer; 7 — bolt for fastening the upper longitudinal rod; 8 — bracket for fastening the upper longitudinal rod; 9 — suspension spring; 10 — upper spring cup; 11 — upper insulating gasket of the spring; 12 — spring support cup; 13 — rod of the rear brake pressure regulator drive lever; 14 — rubber bushing of the shock absorber eye; 15 — shock absorber mounting bracket; 16 — additional buffer for suspension compression travel; 17 — upper longitudinal rod; 18 — bracket for fastening the lower longitudinal rod; 19 — bracket for fastening the transverse rod to the body; 20 — rear brake pressure regulator; 21 — shock absorber; 22 — transverse rod; 23 — pressure regulator drive lever; 24 — holder of the lever support sleeve; 25 — lever support sleeve; 26 — washers; 27 — spacer sleeve